• Peter Taylor, a CFA charterholder and a food industry analyst for a large investment firm, has been invited by Sweet Pineapple Co. to visit the firm's processing plants in Hawaii. The Standard concerning independence and objectivity recommends that Taylor:
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• The primary difference between the McCallum rule and the Taylor rule is that the McCallum rule follows the:
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• Taylor公司为明年预算需要确定不同项目的成本特性。以往趋势表明，三个不同产量水平下各项目需要的成本如下。预算产量为14,000单位，Taylor公司应当分别将成本项目A.B.C视作？
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• Taylor公司为了编制来年的预算正在确定几个成本项目的成本习性。过去的经验表明在三种不同的产量水平上，各成本项目的金额如下所示：产量水平在编制产量水平为14,000件的预算时，公司应该分别如何处理成本A，B和C？
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• There are few sadder sights than 8 pile of fan letters ,lovingly decorated with hand drawings,suffering in a bin,The sparkly envelopes were addressed to Taylor Swift,a pop star much beloved by teenage and pre-teen girls.“Dear Taylor,”read one discarded message ,”I love you so much !!You are the best!!And you are really beautiful and cute !! I’m really enjoying your songs.”This along with hundreds of other similor letters sent from around the world,was discovered in a Nashville recycling disposal unit by a local woman,Swift’s management was quick to reassure her admitery that they had been thouwn out accidentally .The response may come as a disappointment to any devotee who imagines,as they compose their letters ,that Swift makes time to view each one personally .Dealing with piles of lars mail is ,however,an administrative burden for most celebrities.While some celebrities do like to go through their mail personally ,the majority simply do not have time .But the fate of their correspondence is something most commitred fans will not wish and well on ,says Lynn Zubermis ,an expect in the psychology of London at West Chester University.“There’s this little bit of every fan that thinks their will be the one that stands but---it’s not an expectation ,but a hope that theirs will be seen by the celebrity.”While the relationship between the fan and the celebrity may exist only in the mind of the farmer,it’s stems from a sleeply-rooted human next for community and belonging,Zucrms believes.As a result ,even receiving,a mass-producexl letter of acknowledgement and a photo stumped with a reproduced signature can be a power experietice .“People have a tremendous need to connect with the person they are idolising (偶像化)”she says .“They can’t them up and say,”Can we have coffee?”It’s not about the autograph(签名）.It’s about the moment of connection .”
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• Directions: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage Two　　There are few sadder sights than a pile of fan letters, lovingly decorated with hand drawings, suffering in a bin.The sparkly envelopes were addressed to Taylor Swift, a pop star much beloved by teenage and preteen girls.　　“Dear Taylor,” read one discarded message, “I love you so much! You’re the best! And you’re really beautiful and cute! I’m really enjoying your songs.”　　This along with hundreds of other similar letters sent from around the world, was discovered in a Nashville recycling disposal unit by a local woman.Swift’s management was quick to reassure her admirers that they had been thrown out accidentally.The response may come as a disappointment to any devotee who imagines, as they compose their letters, that Swift makes time to view each one personally.　　Dealing with piles of fan mail is, however, an administrative burden for most celebrities.While some celebrities do like to go through their mail personally, the majority simply do not have time.But the fate of their correspondence is something most committed fans will not wish to dwell on, says Lynn Zubernis, an expert in the psychology of random at West Chester University.　　“There’s this little bit of every fan that thinks theirs will be the one that stands out—it’s not an expectation, but a hope that theirs will be seen by the celebrity.”　　While the relationship between the fan and the celebrity may exist only in the mind of the former, it stems from a deeply-rooted human need for community and belonging, Zubernis believes.As a result, even receiving a mass-produced letter of acknowledgement and a photo stamped with a reproduced signature can be a powerful experience.　　“People have a tremendous need to connect with the person they are idolizing(偶像化)”, she says, “They can’t ring them up and say, ‘Can we have coffee’? It’s not about the autograph(签名).It’s about the moment of connection.”
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• 某铁路需通过饱和软黏土地段，软黏土的厚度为14.5m，路基土重度γ=17.5kN／m3，不固结不排水抗剪强度为φ=0°，cu=13.6kPa。若土堤和路基土为同一种软黏土，填筑时采用泰勒（Taylor）稳定数图解法估算的土堤临界高度最接近下列哪一个选项？（　　）
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• 某铁路需通过饱和软黏土地段，软黏土的厚度为14.5m，路基土重度γ=17.5kN／m3，不固结不排水抗剪强度为φ=0°，cu=13.6kPa。若土堤和路基土为同一种软黏土，填筑时采用泰勒（Taylor）稳定数图解法估算的土堤临界高度最接近下列哪一个选项？（　　）[2014年真题]
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• Communities throughout New England have been attempting to regulate short-term rentals since sites like Airbnb took off in the 2010s.Now with record-high home prices and historically low inventory, there's an increased urgency in such regulation, particularly among those who worry that developers will come in and buy up swaths of housing to flip fora fortune on the short-term rental market.In New Hampshire, where the rental vacancy rate has dropped below 1 percent, housing advocates fear unchecked short-term rentals will put further pressure on an already strained market. The State Legislature recently voted against a bill that would've made it illegal for towns to create legislation restricting short-term rentals.“We are at a crisis level on the supply of rental housing,” said Nick Taylor, executive director of the Workforce Housing Coalition of the Greater Seacoast. Without enough affordable housing in southern New Hampshire towns,“ employers are having a hard time attracting employees.and workers are having a hard time finding a place to live,”, Taylor said.However, short-term rentals also provide housing for tourists, pointed out Ryan Castle, CEO of a local association of realter. “A lot of workers are servicing the tourist industry, and the tourism industry is serviced by those people coming in short term," Castle said," and so it's a cyclical effect.”Short-term rentals themselves are not the crux of the issue, said Keren Horn, an expert on affordable housing policy.“I think individuals being able to rent out their second home is a good thing. If it's their vacation home anyway, and it's just empty, why can't you make money off it?”Horn said. Issues arise, however, when developers attempt to create large-scale short-term rental facilities-de facto hotels-to bypass taxes and regulations.“I think the question is, shouldn't a developer who's really building a hotel, but disguising it as not a hotel, be treated and taxed and regulated like a hotel?’ Horn said.At the end of 2018, governor Charlie Baker of Massachusetts signed a bill to rein in those potential investor-buyers. The bill requires every rental host to register with the state mandates they carry insurance, and opens the potential for local taxes on top of a new state levy. Boston took things even further, requiring renters to register with the city's Inspectional Services Department.Horn said similar registration requirements could benefit struggling cities and towns, but “if we want to make a change in the housing market.the main one is we have to build a lot more.
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• 　　This isn’t the sort of girl to let the rock ‘n’ roll lifestyle go to her head.Even if she did, her family would bring her down to earth.“When I started at Capital the only thing my brothers asked was whether they’d get free records,” she remembers.“And my mum couldn’t even find the station on her radio.”　　Margherita Taylor is very nice and very easy-going, but very much in control.She is so much a “Capital Radio girl” that you might think she is just doing a good job for the station’s publicity department, although you know what she’s saying really comes from the heart.She smiles a lot, laughs a lot and is generally a great advert for Capital.
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• 请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。 Passage 2 Taylor Swift, the seven-time Grammy winner, is known for her articulate lyrics,so there was nothing surprising about her writing a long column for TheWall Street Journal about the future of the music industry. Yet there′ sreason to doubt the optimism of what she had to say \"This moment in musicis so exciting because the creative avenues an artist can exploreare limitless,\" Swift wrote.\"In this moment in music, steppingout of your comfort zone is rewarded,and sonic evolution is not only accepted... it is celebrated. The only real risk is being too afraid to take arisk at all.\" That′s hard to reconcile with Nielsen′s mid-year U.S. music report, whichshowed a 15 percent year-on-year drop in album sales and a 13 percentdecline in digital track sales. This could be the 2013 story all overagain, in which streaming services cannibalize their growth fromdigital downloads, whose numbers dropped for the first time ever lastyear, except that even including streams, album sales are down 3.3 percentso far in 2014. Streaming has grown even more than it did last year,42percent compared to 32 percent, but has failed to make up for a general loss ofinterest in music. Consider this: in 2014 to date, Americans purchased 593.6 million digitaltracks and heard 70.3 million video and audio streams for a sum total of663.9 million. In the comparable period of 2013,the total came to 731.7million. Swift, one of the few artists able to pull off stadium tours, believes it′s allabout quality. \"People are still buying albums, but now they′ re buying just a few ofthem,\" she wrote. \"They are buying only the ones that hit themlike an arrow through the heart.\" In 2000, album sales peaked at 785 million. Last year, they were down to 415.3million. Swift is right, but for many of the artists whose albums piercehearts like arrows, it′s too late. Sales of vinyl albums have increased40.4 percent so far this year, according to Nielsen, and thetop-selling one was guitar hero Jack White′ s Lazaretto. The top 10 alsoincludes records by the aging or dead,such as the Beatles and Bob Marley &the Wailers. More modern entries are not exactly teen sensations, either:the Black Keys, Beck and the Arctic Monkeys. None of these artists is presenton the digital sales charts, including or excluding streams. Thetop-selling album so far this year, by a huge margin, is the saccharinesoundtrack to the Disney animated hit, \"Frozen\". When, like me, you′re over 40 and you believe the music industry has been indecline since in 1993 (the year Nirvana released in Utero), it′ s easy tocriticize the music taste of \"the kids these days,\" a termeven the 23-year old Swift uses. My fellow dinosaurs will understand if theycompare 1993′s top albums to Nielsen′s 2014 list. But these kids don′tjust like to listen to different music than we do, they no longer findmuch worth hearing. The way the music industry works now may have something to do with that. In theold days, musicians showed their work to industry executives, the way mostbook authors still do to publishers (although that tradition, too, iseroding). The executives made mistakes and were credited withbrilliant finds. Sometimes they followed the public taste, and sometimesthey strove to shape it, taking big financial and career risks in theprocess. These days, according to Swift, it′s all about thesocial networks. \"A friend of mine, who is an actress, told me thatwhen the casting for her recent movie came down to two actresses, the castingdirector chose the actress with more Twitter followers,\" Swift wrote. \"In the future, artists will get record deals because they have fans--notthe other way around.\" The social networks are fickle and self-consciously sarcastic(see the recent potatosalad phenomenon). They are not about arrow-through-the-heart sincerity.That′ s why YouTube made Psy a star, but it couldn′t have been the mediumfor Beatle mania. Justin Timberlake has 32.9 million Twitter followers,but he′ s no Jack White. In the music industry′ s heyday, it produced a lot of schlock. But it got greatmusic out to the masses, too. These days, it expects artists to do theirown promotion and for those who less good at that than at making music, itmay mean not getting heard. For fans it means less good music to streamand download. Well, there′s always the warm and fuzzy world of vinyl nostalgia,I guess. How does the writer perceive Swift′s attitude towards the future of the musicindustry?
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• 根据以下材料，回答题The men and women of Anglo-Saxon Englandnormally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added.These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however,hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the threecenturies following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that,the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different partsof the country.British surnames fall mainly into four broadcategories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it istrue, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adaptedor abbreviated; or artificial names.In fact, over fifty per cent of genuineBritish surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belongto the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belongto this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home inthe ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means \"the son ofSimon\", as might be expected.Hundreds of occupational surnames are atonce familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer,Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of othersare more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization inmedieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are \"Day\" (old English forbreadmaker) and \"Walker\" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thickennewly made cloth).All these vocational names carry with them acertain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it istrue, like \"Long\", \"Short\" or \"Little\", aresimple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking; theirmeanings are slightly different from the modem ones. \"Black\" and\"White\" implied dark and fair respectively. \"Sharp\" meantgenuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.Place-names have a lasting interest sincethere is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some timegiven its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they maybe pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive withrelatively little change from old-English times are \"Milton\" (middleenclosure) and \"Hilton\" (enclosure on a hill).  All of the following belong to the fourmain categories of British surnames EXCEPT ________.查看材料
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• 根据以下材料，回答题The men and women of Anglo-Saxon Englandnormally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added.These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however,hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the threecenturies following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that,the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different partsof the country.British surnames fall mainly into four broadcategories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it istrue, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adaptedor abbreviated; or artificial names.In fact, over fifty per cent of genuineBritish surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belongto the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belongto this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home inthe ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means \"the son ofSimon\", as might be expected.Hundreds of occupational surnames are atonce familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer,Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of othersare more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization inmedieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are \"Day\" (old English forbreadmaker) and \"Walker\" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thickennewly made cloth).All these vocational names carry with them acertain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it istrue, like \"Long\", \"Short\" or \"Little\", aresimple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking; theirmeanings are slightly different from the modem ones. \"Black\" and\"White\" implied dark and fair respectively. \"Sharp\" meantgenuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.Place-names have a lasting interest sincethere is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some timegiven its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they maybe pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive withrelatively little change from old-English times are \"Milton\" (middleenclosure) and \"Hilton\" (enclosure on a hill).  This passage is mainly about ________.查看材料
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• 根据以下材料，回答题The men and women of Anglo-Saxon Englandnormally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added.These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however,hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the threecenturies following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that,the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different partsof the country.British surnames fall mainly into four broadcategories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it istrue, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adaptedor abbreviated; or artificial names.In fact, over fifty per cent of genuineBritish surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belongto the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belongto this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home inthe ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means \"the son ofSimon\", as might be expected.Hundreds of occupational surnames are atonce familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer,Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of othersare more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization inmedieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are \"Day\" (old English forbreadmaker) and \"Walker\" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thickennewly made cloth).All these vocational names carry with them acertain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it istrue, like \"Long\", \"Short\" or \"Little\", aresimple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking; theirmeanings are slightly different from the modem ones. \"Black\" and\"White\" implied dark and fair respectively. \"Sharp\" meantgenuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.Place-names have a lasting interest sincethere is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some timegiven its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they maybe pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive withrelatively little change from old-English times are \"Milton\" (middleenclosure) and \"Hilton\" (enclosure on a hill).  Which of the following statements isTRUE at, cording to the passage 查看材料
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• 根据以下材料，回答题The men and women of Anglo-Saxon Englandnormally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added.These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however,hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the threecenturies following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that,the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different partsof the country.British surnames fall mainly into four broadcategories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it istrue, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adaptedor abbreviated; or artificial names.In fact, over fifty per cent of genuineBritish surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belongto the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belongto this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home inthe ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means \"the son ofSimon\", as might be expected.Hundreds of occupational surnames are atonce familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer,Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of othersare more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization inmedieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are \"Day\" (old English forbreadmaker) and \"Walker\" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thickennewly made cloth).All these vocational names carry with them acertain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it istrue, like \"Long\", \"Short\" or \"Little\", aresimple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking; theirmeanings are slightly different from the modem ones. \"Black\" and\"White\" implied dark and fair respectively. \"Sharp\" meantgenuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.Place-names have a lasting interest sincethere is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some timegiven its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they maybe pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive withrelatively little change from old-English times are \"Milton\" (middleenclosure) and \"Hilton\" (enclosure on a hill).  The underlined word\"epithets\" in Paragraph 1 most probably means ________.查看材料
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• 根据以下材料，回答题The men and women of Anglo-Saxon Englandnormally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added.These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however,hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the threecenturies following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that,the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different partsof the country.British surnames fall mainly into four broadcategories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it istrue, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adaptedor abbreviated; or artificial names.In fact, over fifty per cent of genuineBritish surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belongto the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belongto this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home inthe ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means \"the son ofSimon\", as might be expected.Hundreds of occupational surnames are atonce familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer,Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of othersare more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization inmedieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are \"Day\" (old English forbreadmaker) and \"Walker\" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thickennewly made cloth).All these vocational names carry with them acertain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it istrue, like \"Long\", \"Short\" or \"Little\", aresimple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking; theirmeanings are slightly different from the modem ones. \"Black\" and\"White\" implied dark and fair respectively. \"Sharp\" meantgenuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.Place-names have a lasting interest sincethere is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some timegiven its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they maybe pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive withrelatively little change from old-English times are \"Milton\" (middleenclosure) and \"Hilton\" (enclosure on a hill).  According to Paragraph 1, Britishsurnames ________.查看材料
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