1.Scope, complexity and scale of even a single 5G network are massively largherthan in today's networks The main challenge is automation on all levels of the 5G eco system. without it, the network simply will not work； nei ther for the anticipated scale nor for the desired functional complexity. Fundamentally, automation is realized bya largely self-governed network bound to varying business goals ifs configuration its services, how they are provided, and how it is managed. A governance model, ideally realized by policies, defines how these goals are implenented andmoni tored. Those policies can be low-level confi gurati on parameters, mid-level strategies or high-level intents and goals. Using a mix of these policies implies translation between top-down for realization and bottom-up for action benefit and validation purposes. Networks and models must address multiple, diverse constituencies. Human intervention should be kept to a minimum（oversight）Managenment means monitoring and repair not control. Classic self capabilities are the benefits. The main idea of this shot article is （   ）